#include <algorithm>
#include <array>
#include <string>
#include <functional>
#include <iostream>

using namespace std ;


class Integer {
public:
    int x1 ;
	Integer(int x1p)
	{
        x1 = x1p ;
		cout << "Object Created" <<
		 x1 <<  endl;

	}


	Integer(const Integer& param1)
	{
		x1 = param1.x1 ;
		cout << "Copy constructor: Object Created" <<
		   x1 <<  endl;
	}


	~Integer()
	{
		cout << "Object Destroyed: " << x1 <<  endl;
	}
};



int main()
{
   int x1 = 10 ;
   int x2 = 10 ;
   //outside variable like x1 is not captured
   auto print1 = [](string str1){
              cout << str1 << endl ;
	   } ;

   print1( "Calling the lambda print function." ) ;

   //Trying to access the variable outside the
   //scope

   auto print2 = [](string str1){
              cout << str1 << endl ;
             // cout << x1 << endl ;
	   } ;

   print2( "Calling the lambda print2  function." ) ;


   auto print3 = [=](string str1){
              cout << str1 << endl ;
              cout << x1 << endl ;
              //x1=5 ; Compiler error
              //x1 is read only
	   } ;

   print3( "Calling the lambda print3  function." ) ;


   auto print4 = [&](string str1){
              cout << str1 << endl ;
              x1=4 ;

	   } ;

   print4( "Calling the lambda print4  function." ) ;
   cout << x1 << endl ;

   auto print5 = [x1](string str1){
              cout << str1 << endl ;
              cout << x1 << endl ;
              //cout << x2 << endl ;
              //The "x2" is not accessible here.
	   } ;

   print5( "Calling the lambda print5  function." ) ;


   Integer obj1( 10 ) ;

   //A copy is created inside the lambda
   //Copy constructor gets called.
   //When print6 goes out of scope then
   //the obj1 gets destroyed.

   auto print6 = [=](string str1){
              cout << str1 << endl ;
              cout << obj1.x1 << endl ;
              //We cannot modify obj1
	   } ;

   print6( "Calling the lambda print6  function." ) ;

  //capture all the variables by reference
  //Copy constructor does not get called.
   cout << "-------------------" << endl ;
   auto print7 = [&](string str1){
              cout << str1 << endl ;
              cout << obj1.x1 << endl ;
              obj1.x1 = 5 ;
	   } ;

   print7( "Calling the lambda print7  function." ) ;

   cout << "-------------------" << endl ;
   //Allowing access to a single variable/object
   //Another copy of obj1 gets created here.

   auto print8 = [obj1](string str1){
              cout << str1 << endl ;
              cout << obj1.x1 << endl ;
             // Other variables are not captured
             // cout << x1 << endl ;
	   } ;

   print8( "Calling the lambda print8  function." ) ;


   auto print9 = [obj1, x1](string str1){
              cout << str1 << endl ;
              cout << obj1.x1 << endl ;
             // Other variables are not captured
              cout << x1 << endl ;
	   } ;
   print9( "Calling the lambda print9  function." ) ;




   cout << "-------------------" << endl ;
   //Passing a single variable by reference
   auto print10 = [&obj1](string str1){
              cout << str1 << endl ;
              //Allowed
              obj1.x1 = 100 ;
              cout << obj1.x1 << endl ;
	   } ;

   print10( "Calling the lambda print10  function." ) ;
   //Changes are preserved after the invocation
   cout << obj1.x1 << endl ;
   cout << "-------------------" << endl ;


   cout << "-------------------" << endl ;
   cout << "mix and match example" << endl ;

   //we can mix and match
   auto print11 = [&obj1, x1](string str1){
              cout << str1 << endl ;
              cout << x1 << endl ;
              cout << obj1.x1 << endl ;
	   } ;

   print11( "Calling the lambda print11  function." ) ;
   cout << "-------------------" << endl ;

   auto print12 = [&obj1, =](string str1){
                 cout << str1 << endl ;
                 cout << x1 << endl ;
                 //x1 = 13 ; compiler error
                 //x1 is only captured by value
                 obj1.x1 = 12 ;
                 cout << obj1.x1 << endl ;
   	   } ;

   print12( "Calling the lambda print12  function." ) ;
   cout << "-------------------" << endl ;



}