ASTR 16:  Observational Astronomy                                          Spring 2019

Section 1               Wednesdays,   3:40 P.M. – 6:30 P.M.              Science Hall Rm. 311

 

Instructor:  Claia Bryja                                   Preferred E-mail:  claia.bryja@mail.ccsf.edu

Office Phone:  415-452-5668

 

Website:     http://fog.ccsf.edu/~cbryja/astro_16.html

 

Office hours:  Science Hall Rm. 400, Wednesdays: 1:00 PM until 3:00 PM                                  (These are open drop-in hours.  Any other time must be arranged by appointment in advance.)

 

You must buy: 

A star finder chart (Chandler’s “Night Sky”) available at the CCSF bookstore,

Lots of paper for writing and drawing (consider buying a notebook from which

the pages can be easily and neatly removed).

 

I also strongly recommend that you:

Bring a pencil and eraser to class every day.  (You will often want to erase what you just wrote or make changes to a graph or a sketch you just drew.)

            Bring a calculator able to handle square roots and powers-of-ten notation.

            Consider bringing an introductory astronomy textbook as a secondary reference.

           

 

Course Description:  This is a “hands-on laboratory” course designed to be taken after, or at the same time as, a three unit college-level introductory astronomy course such as Astronomy 1, 17, 18, or 19.  However, because this daytime section of the course will not be able to do much observing of the sky (perhaps we will manage to include a brief nighttime viewing at the beginning of the semester, otherwise the best we can do is observe the Sun and the Moon in the daytime), more of the exercises will be done with pencil and paper or with computers than you or I would like.

 

We will complete a different set of astronomy-related exercises at each of 16 class meetings.  Students will work either individually or (in just one or two cases) in assigned groups of three or four.  There also will be two short exams on the content of the class exercises:  a midterm exam on March 13th and a final exam on May 15th.

 

At times, this class may make use of the planetarium and/or observatory deck on the 4th floor of the science building (which does not have elevator service!).  We will also make frequent use of the computers in either Batmale Hall 301 or Rosenberg Library 414, and (because our classroom is not always big enough) I may move us into other rooms in order to complete certain special exercises.  Unless stated otherwise in advance, we usually will meet in Science Hall Room 311 for at least the first five minutes of class.  I will write a note on the blackboard if we move to another room for the rest of the period, but please read my lateness policy below!  Please contact me as soon as possible if you wish to discuss disability-related accommodation or if you have emergency information that you need to share. 

ASTR-16 credit may be transferred to all universities in the CSU and UC systems.  However, some universities require students to take ASTR-1, 17, 18 or 19 in addition to this class in order to receive transfer credit.

 

Grading:  There will be a total of 200 points worth of exercises and exams (with some extra credit available in addition to that).

 

We will complete a 2½-point exercise at the first class meeting (which all late-adding students will be allowed to make up).  On most days thereafter, we will complete full-length lab exercises worth 10 points each.  A 45-minute mid-term exam given on March 13th will be worth 20 points, and a 75-minute final exam given May 15th will be worth 30 points.  The only other special case is for the week of the mid-term exam, when we also will complete a moderately shorter exercise worth just 7½ points.

 

When grading the full-length laboratory exercises, I don’t like to quibble with a fifth of a point here and a tenth of a point there.  I will return your papers with comments and a simple letter grade.  My letter grades will translate into points as follows:  AA = 10.0 (The score of AA is reserved only for truly exceptional, outstanding work!), A+ = 9.8, A = 9.5, A– = 9.2, B+ = 8.8, B = 8.5, B– = 8.2, C+ = 7.8, C = 7.3, C– = 6.8, D+ = 6.2, D = 5.7, D– = 5.2, F+ = 4.5, F = 3.0, F– = 1.5, absent = 0.0.

 

Your lowest full-length lab score at the end of the semester will be replaced with your average score from the other 14 full-length exercises.  Zeros for absences will count fully when this average is taken.  In this way, a total of 150 points will be possible from the lab exercises alone.    (If the combined first day exercise and post-mid-term-exam exercise scores total lower than any of the full-length lab scores, then the sum of those two lesser scores will be replaced with the average of all 14 full-length labs.)

 

Final letter grades for the course will then be decided according to the following guidelines:

 

            A         90 % and up    180 – 200 points

            B         80 % and up    160 – 179 points

            C         65 % and up    130 – 159 points

            D         50 % and up    100 – 139 points

            F          less than 50 %     0 –   99 points

 

If your final score places you within three points of a borderline, I will consider your overall record when determining your grade.

 

Exams:  The mid-term exam will consist of two parts.  Part I will test your familiarity with constellations and night sky objects.  Part II will include many short questions about the concepts and terminology that you will learn from the lab exercises.  The final exam will also include a Part III that will test your ability to read a table of data, to graph the results, and to draw conclusions from that graph.  I will give you a detailed study guide to help you prepare for each exam.

If you miss an exam, I will allow you to replace it with a different make-up exam only if the reason for your absence was beyond your control, and if you inform me of your situation as promptly as possible-- ideally even before the missed exam happens.  To treat all students the same, I will always ask for supporting documentation to verify your excuse.  Also, please understand that designing new make-up exams costs me a lot of time and trouble, and the make-up might be nothing like the exam that was missed.

 

Attendance policies:  Because the lowest lab exercise score is ignored, you might mistakenly believe that you can skip one exercise free of any penalty or negative consequence.  However, please consider that the exams will include questions about all of the exercises-- including any that you might have missed.  This means that you will likely miss points on the exams if you skip.  Consider also that if you are absent for a class, your poorest lab score will not be replaced, while it will be replaced if you attend every class.  It does hurt your grade if you miss a lab.

 

To further encourage good attendance, I will give two bonus points of extra credit to all students who never miss a class.

 

If you must miss a class for a compelling reason beyond your control, and you can provide documentary evidence of the excuse, I still will award one bonus point of extra credit if you miss no other classes.  If you miss two or more exercises for compelling reasons beyond your control, I will allow you to complete one or two make-up exercises; but you must contact me immediately to explain your circumstances.

 

Consequences of lateness:  If you are late to class, you may miss important information that will leave you confused about how to complete that day’s exercise.  This will be frustrating to both you and me.  If you are very late, you may have to skip parts of the exercise and take a zero for those parts that you missed.  For exercises in which students have been assigned to work together in groups, or if we are observing objects in the sky, there will be no way to make up the missed parts.  For example, we might begin an exercise by observing the Sun through a telescope.  Once the telescope is put away, I will not set it up again.  Finally, some activities may be held in the planetarium, for which there will be absolutely no late admittance (because it will ruin everyone’s dark-adapted vision if I open the door to let someone in or out).

 

What to do if you have not finished before the end of class:  I prefer students not to make a deliberate habit of turning in late work, but I understand that nobody wants to be rushed.  I will accept work as late as the start of the next class period following when the lab was completed-- so long as you hand in your paper as soon as you arrive.

 

Late work:  The grace period for accepting any late lab write-ups for full credit is the beginning of the next class period.  Any work from one week prior that is turned in after the next class has started will be subject to a penalty of 10%, then an additional 20% for each week thereafter that passes since the exercise was done in the classroom.  Thus, the rules are:  up to 6.9 days late = no penalty, 7 to 14 days late = 10% penalty, 15 to 21 days late = 30% penalty, 22 to28 days late = 50% penalty, etc.

The 3:40 - 6:30 P.M. time slot:  I don’t know of anyone who likes this class meeting time.  A long three-hour lab class extending into the dinner hour is sure to weigh heavily on everyone’s patience and stamina.  I recommend bringing drinks and snacks to class to help raise your blood sugar (but please be conscientious about not leaving any messes).  However, drinks or snacks are NOT allowed in the computer labs.

 

Ideally, all ASTR-16 sections would meet only at nighttime, and this section really is intended for students who have other commitments in the late evening and therefore have no other choice.  The experience of looking at the night sky, both with and without binoculars and telescopes, is a very valuable part of any practical astronomy lab class; but our day class will only observe the Sun and the Moon in the daytime (and perhaps a dark evening sky after 6:00 P.M. near the beginning of the semester, weather permitting).

 

 

The use of math:  Because this course transfers to the UC system and is most often used as a companion course to ASTR-1, and also because practical astronomy is relentlessly mathematical in nature, most of the exercises will make frequent use of basic algebra and geometry.  There will be a lot of “number crunching.”  (This is why I strongly recommend buying a calculator if you do not have a calculator app on your phone.)  Math 860, or the equivalent, is recommended.

 

 

Tutors and mentors:  If you need help or general support outside of class, and my office hours do not work for you, then you should take advantage of the astronomy department’s student mentoring program.  Mentors are less formal than tutors, but they can still help you a lot.  In many ways, their informality can make them even more helpful than a tutor.  Mentors will be available for multiple “drop-in” hours in the 4th floor planetarium.  By February, I should be able to post a schedule on the class website for these friendly folks. 

 

 

The “service learning” option:  Interested students may earn up to 15 points of extra credit by participating in a service-learning program.  (The amount of extra credit awarded depends on the quality and quantity of the student’s service-learning work.)  The program connects CCSF students with San Francisco high school and/or elementary school students for astronomy demonstrations.  Also, as lab aides, service-learning students will operate and maintain the astronomy department’s facility telescopes, partly for their own use, but primarily as guides and assistants for other users of the observatory.  This is a job for someone who really loves astronomy, desires a much more “hands-on” astronomy experience (that this course does not offer), has a responsible work ethic, and who enjoys sharing their knowledge and experience with others.  You must also be willing to spend up to three hours per week outside of class time, including evenings.  We have only a very limited number of service-learning positions available, so please let us know as soon as possible if you wish to apply to participate in this program.  The deadline for receiving applications is Tuesday, January 22nd.

 

Honor, and consequences of cheating:  Cheaters, for the most part, cheat only themselves-- but the reputation of the college is also at stake if students earn improper grades and transfer those grades to other institutions.  In that sense, cheating will hurt everyone.  I won’t make it easy to cheat, but I won’t be a policewoman either.  You’re mostly on your honor to be honest and to perform your best.  However, if I catch anyone in an act of academic dishonesty, they’ll get a course grade of “F” and be referred to a counselor.  I may also take other disciplinary action for violating the rules of the college.

 

These are some things that I would call “academic dishonesty” or cheating in this class:  (This is not a complete list.  If you are in doubt about something, you really should ask.)

n  consulting any other source of information besides the sources I allow during one of the exams.

n  turning in a word-for-word identical copy of another student’s paper for an exercise or assignment that was meant to done individually (similar papers are okay; you’re encouraged and expected to work together, but don’t blindly copy word-for-word from one another!)

n  telling me a lie in order to receive more credit for an exercise or an exam; or lying to me about the reason for missing a class in order to take a make-up.


 

Extra Credit Opportunities (in addition to the bonus for perfect attendance):

 

  • Attend rooftop star parties for up to 3 points of extra credit per event!  (Weather permitting!  These events may not be held if it is cloudy or foggy.  Check the class website regularly for announcements of the dates!)  Come to the rooftop of the science classroom building to have a look at the Moon, stars, planets, galaxies, etc., then write a page or two summary of your observing experience.  Pick at least two objects and describe how they appear with the unaided eye and with binoculars or a telescope.  Make sketches showing how they look.  Also, describe the telescope itself in some detail (design, magnification used, etc.).  How much of the 3 points maximum of extra credit you earn depends on how much detail you include in your summary report. If you go to two or more of the rooftop observing events, you must describe different objects each time (or significant differences from how things appear compared to previous viewings).

 

  • You can also earn up to 2 points of extra credit by engaging in some of the activities below. After visiting any of these places, turn in a one to two page narrative description of your experience.

 

California Academy of Sciences

Includes a new planetarium and space exhibits.

55 Music Concourse Dr. (Golden Gate Park)  (415) 379-8000  www.calacademy.org

 

Chabot Space and Science Center

Planetarium and public observatory hours Fri. & Sat. 7 – 9 PM

10000 Skyline Blvd., Oakland   (510) 336-7330   www.chabotspace.org 

[This one is worth two points for touring the museum and another two points if you attend the evening public observing and also write a narrative about that.]

 

San Francisco Sidewalk Astronomers

Urban guerilla astronomers host monthly star parties on Mount Tamalpais

24-hour event hotline: (415) 289-2007    www.sfsidewalkastronomers.org

 

Holt Planetarium & Lawrence Hall of Science

Shows on weekends and most holidays

Centennial Dr. near Grizzly Peak Blvd., Berkeley (510) 642-5132 www.lhs.berkeley.edu

           

The Exploratorium

Hands-on museum of science, art, and human perception – a San Francisco gem, now in an all new location!  10 am – 5 PM, Tue. – Sun.,  Pier 15   (Embarcadero and Green St.)    (415) 528-4444   www.exploratorium.edu

 

Camping

Go camping out of town on a clear night and bring your star wheel to use.

[Worth only one point, but it’s a very enlightening way to earn one point!]

 

Please check the class website regularly for new announcements regarding extra credit opportunities.  Sometimes I learn of special events just a few days before they happen, which may be too late to announce them in class.