The function of the large multi-colored bill remains conjectural but it has been suggested that it intimidates other birds at fruiting trees and also reduces mobbing behavior of other birds trying to protect their young. The tooth-like projections on the bill of this species may enhance the effect. Two subspecies are recognized. This is P. c. australis which ranges throughout the Amazonian lowlands. The nominate race is found to the northwest in Peru and Columbia. It averages darker, particularly the russet color on the auriculars, nape and thighs.
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