These sparrows were abundant in settled areas. Males and females are alike. I believe the bottom bird is an adult with a pronounced black ear patch, large black bib, and a nearly all black bill, but the top bird is an immature. Nine or more subspecies are recognized with P. m. saturatus confined to East Asia. This race is deeper more richly colored and has a slightly larger bill than the widespread nominate form. Canon PowerShot SX60 HS.
References:
Barlow, Jon C. and Sheridan N. Leckie. (2000). Eurasian Tree Sparrow (Passer montanus), The Birds of North America (P. G. Rodewald, Ed.). Ithaca: Cornell Lab of Ornithology; Retrieved from the Birds of North America: https://birdsna.org/Species-Account/bna/species/eutspa
Summers-Smith, D. (2017). Eurasian Tree Sparrow (Passer montanus). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. (retrieved from http://www.hbw.com/node/60946 on 2 June 2017).