This common flycatcher resembles a pint-sized Boat-billed Flycatcher with a tiny bill. It is usually seen in disturbed areas and around towns and villages. The name is a misnomer as this species is not normally found in flocks. They are usually seen singly or in pairs. One source suggests they should be called the "Antisocial Flycatcher" because of their aggressive territoriality.
Seven subspecies are recognized, ranging from Mexico to South America. Birds from Mexico to Costa Rica have a concealed crown spot that is deep red in color. Some authors split these birds as a separate species, the Vermilion-crowned (or Giraud's) Flycatcher. Populations from Panama south have the crown spot yellow or orange instead of deep red.
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